172 lines
3.8 KiB
Markdown
172 lines
3.8 KiB
Markdown
# Why vi Rocks
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**[vi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi)** is the _de facto_ standard
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Unix editor, you find it in every *NIX derived OS.
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Here you will find a collection of commands, command sequences in
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[vi(1)](https://man.openbsd.org/vi.1)/[ex(1)](https://man.openbsd.org/ex.1)
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or with 3rd party unitilities which make
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**[vi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi)** rock \m/. These all work
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with at least [nvi](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nvi) 1.79 and
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2.1.3 (unicode).
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We are always looking for [suggestions](/suggest.html) that go beyond the basics.<br />
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For the latest additions check the [git repo](https://git.high5.nl/why-vi.rocks).
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Helpful documents:
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- [Roman Zolotarev: Edit text with vi(1)](https://rgz.ee/vi.html)<br />
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- [Hugo Daniel: vi is not vim](https://hugodaniel.pt/posts/vi-is-not-vim/)<br />
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- [Jeff W: vi help](http://www.jeffw.com/vi/vi_help.txt) / [Maarten Litmaath: vi reference](http://www.ungerhu.com/jxh/vi.html)<br />
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- [alphanrrrd: extremely concise cheatsheet](http://www.alphanrrrd.org/vi.html) / [ViEmu: Graphical vi cheatsheet](http://www.viemu.com/a_vi_vim_graphical_cheat_sheet_tutorial.html)<br />
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- [The vi archive and FAQ (mirror)](http://git.larryhynes.net/vi/)
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#### Yank / delete an arbitrary number of lines
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1) mark the first line: mk
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2) move to last line
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3a) yank: y'k
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3b) delete: d'k
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4) move to destination line
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5) put with P or p
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#### Apply regex to an arbitrary number of lines
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1) mark the first line: mk
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2) mark the last line: ml
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:'k,'ls/regex/power/g
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#### Add # to block of text
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:'k,'ls/^/#/
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#### Remove trailing whitespace of block of text
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:'k,'ls/\ *$//
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#### Remove the first N (5) characters from every line
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:%s/^.\{0,5\}//
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#### Delete all lines N (10) characters long
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:g/^.\{10\}$/d
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#### Delete all lines _except_ N (10) characters long
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:g!/^.\{10\}$/d
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#### Search and replace PATHs, using different delimiter
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:%s#/usr/local/log#/var/log#g
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#### Write file as root
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:w !doas tee %
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#### Diff the file on disk with the file in the buffer
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:w !diff -u % -
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#### Make a backup of the file on disk
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:!cp % %.bak
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#### Sort all lines
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:%!sort
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#### Sort paragraph
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!}sort
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<sub><sup>} won't be shown in the command.</sup></sub>
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#### Sort from current line to EOF
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!Gsort
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<sub><sup>G won't be shown in the command.</sup></sub>
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#### Uniq all lines
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:%!uniq
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#### Uniq paragraph
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!}uniq
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<sub><sup>} won't be shown in the command.</sup></sub>
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#### Uniq from current line to EOF
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!Guniq
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<sub><sup>G won't be shown in the command.</sup></sub>
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#### Underline all lines starting with CHAPTER
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:g/^CHAPTER /t.|s/./=/g
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#### Search for "pattern", print the containing function (start with def) and line number
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:g/pattern/?^ *def ?#
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#### Add # to paragraph containing "pattern"
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:g/pattern/?^$?+,//-s/^/#
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#### Sort content of multiline CSS blocks
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:g/{$/+,/^}/-!sort
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#### Sort content of multiline CSS blocks (media queries)
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:g/^[^@].*{$/+,/}/-!sort
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#### Reformat HTML paragraphs to a fixed width (40)
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:g/<p>/+,/<\/p>/-!fmt -40
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#### Swap "Lastname, Firstname" to "Firstname, Lastname"
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:%s/\(.*\), \(.*\)/\2 \1/
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#### Change all text to lowercase
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:%s/.*/\L&/
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#### Join all lines
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:%j
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#### Copy (t) or move (m) lines containing "pattern"
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:g/pattern/t$
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:g/pattern/m$
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#### Select a column (3rd) from formated text seperated by ':'
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:%!awk -F':' '{print $3}'
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#### Insert the sum of a list of numbers after an arbitrary number of lines
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1) mark the first line: mk
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2) mark the last line: ml
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:'k,'l!awk 'END{print "Total:", i}{i+=$1; print}'
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More compact version:
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:'k,'l!awk 'END{print "Total:", i} ++i || 1'
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#### Email the current paragraph
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:?^$?+,//-w !mail -s "<subject>" email@example.com
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#### Enable and use ex history
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1) Set ESC key to enable history, or add to .exrc:
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:set cedit=<CTRL-V><ESC>
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2) Use it with:
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:<ESC>
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